Open Access typology

The repository survey requests data on the OA types Green, Gold and Hybrid (“advanced”). If institutions cannot provide these categories, they can use the collective term Open (“basic”) for all content which is accessible in OA. Minimum requirement is the delivery of item-based absolute data on Open and Closed content per resource type and the underlying dataset on item level.

Open: subsuming all OA content but not differentiating between specific Open Access categories
Closed: all non-OA content plus Bronze

The simplified “advanced” OA types (Green, Gold, Hybrid) are sufficient to evaluate the general trend towards Open Access at national level. The simplifications include:

Platinum is categorized as Gold.
Green subtypes like “published version” or “accepted version” which are referring to the full-text version of the document available in the repository are mapped to Green.

wdt_ID	Condition	Example	OA model - basic	OA model - advanced
1	Gold and no APCs	Resource (mainly journal) available fully Open Access, publishing in journal at no APC charge	Open	Gold
2	Resource type is OA = true	Fully Gold Journal or Book, as defined by Unpaywall or Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ)	Open	Gold
3	Host_type = "Publisher" and CC licence	Paywalled journal available on publisher website, article published OA under a creative commons licence on publisher website ("Hybrid")	Open	Hybrid
4	Resource type= "Book" and CC licence	Book available fully OA ("Gold") under creative commons licence	Open	Gold
5	Resource type= "Book part" and CC licence	Book part available OA under creative commons licence (counted as Gold even if not published in fully Gold OA book and in the strict sense "Hybrid")	Open	Gold
6	Host_type = "Repository" and Version = "publishedVersion"	Fulltext available in repository (or elsewhere) in the published version ("Green published")	Open	Green
7	Host_type = "Repository" and Version = "acceptedVersion"	Fulltext available in repository (or elsewhere) in the accepted version ("Green accepted")	Open	Green
8	Host_type = "Repository" and not publishedVersion or acceptedVersion	Fulltext available in repository but not in the published or accepted version (e.g. "green submitted")	Closed	Closed
9	Host_type = "Publisher" and no CC licence	Content freely available on publisher website, but not under creative commons licence ("Bronze")	Closed	Closed
10	Otherwise	Any other content	Closed	Closed

wdt_ID	OA Type	Definition
1	Green	Resources published in toll-access journals but archived in an institutional Open Access repository. Green articles may be reviewed versions (accepted/postprint or published) of published content and can have any (creative commons) licence or no (creative commons) licence. Preprint versions of unpublished content (e.g., Working Papers) shall be excluded from this survey.
2	Hybrid	Resources published with an Open (creative commons) licence in a non-OA publication (e.g., in a subscription-based journal). Hybrid resources are usually published in exchange for an article processing charge, or APC (e.g., also within a Read & Publish agreement). If the repository does not provide a distinction between Hybrid and Gold content, please use the more general Open category instead.
3	Gold	Resources are OA first publications in journals, as a monograph or a contribution in an edited volume. Gold journal articles have all the same characteristics as Hybrid articles but are published in fully Open Access journals ("Gold Journals"). Same as the Gold category, Platinum content is openly available to readers from the publisher's site. For Gold, fees have to be paid. For Platinum no fees were paid. Diamond Open Access has been used synonymously with Platinum and will not be used in this context.
5	Closed	Resources which do not fit in the other categories, content which is still embargoed at the time of the data collection and Bronze content. Bronze articles are free to read on the publisher's website, without a license that grants any other rights. There may be a delay between publication and availability to read, and often articles can be removed unilaterally by the publisher. Bronze needs to be categorized as Closed for the absolute figures but can be displayed in the provided underlying data as Bronze.

The strict interpretation of other “Open” categories means that this monitor includes content in the Closed category which might be potentially Open Access:

Green submitted: submitted only full-texts are not considered as published content.
Bronze: content is free to read only on the publisher page, lacks a clearly identifiable license and is typically not available for reuse.
Full-text not available in the repository (some repositories did only count fulltexts as OA which are also available in their repository)
Unclear CC licence status of content

Important note on document versions
Submitted or pre-print documents which have not yet been published are not counted.
Institutions count the best available Open Access version across all instances of a publication.
If the best available OA version of a publication is the preprint, the publication is counted as Closed.

The introduction of a category named “Other” for interpretation on national level was considered to identify OA potential but will not be implemented.